Scapular Winging

Do you have pain in your shoulder blade?  Do one of your shoulder blades protrude out more than the other?  Well, you may have what we call “scapular winging.”  Let’s talk about it.

First, let’s define what a scapula is.  Humans have two scapulae (shoulder blades).  Their function is to help with shoulder elevation and to promote shoulder stability.  So what causes scapular winging?  A variety of factors can cause this issue, but let’s go over some common ones.

The first possible cause is weakness of the serratus anterior (SA) muscle.  The SA originates from the first 8/9 ribs, inserts on the front/inside portion of the scapula, and is innervated by the long thoracic nerve.  The role of the SA is to stabilize the scapula on the thorax.  When this muscle is weak, it can cause scapular winging/dysfunction.

The second common cause is tightness of the pectoralis (pec) minor muscle.  The pec minor muscle originates from ribs 3-5 and inserts onto the coracoid process of the scapula.  When this muscle is overly taut, it can impinge on the long thoracic nerve.  When this nerve is compromised, it can cause scapular winging and SA dysfunction.  

If you notice one of your scapulae protrudes more than the other, it is advisable to see a physician.  For exercises on how to help deal with/prevent this condition, check out our video (linked below).

Written by Kenneth Kells III, DPT